The Absurd Search For Dark Matter

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This video is sponsored by Brilliant. The first 200 people to sign up via brilliant.org/veritasium get 20% off a yearly subscription. Astronomers think there should be 5 times as much dark matter as ordinary matter - a shadow universe that makes up most of the mass in the universe. But after decades of trying, no experiments have found any trace of dark matter - except one.
A massive thanks to the wonderful people at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Dark Matter Physics www.centredarkmatter.org for showing us around and being on camera - Fleur Morrison, A/Prof Phillip Urquijo, Prof Elisabetta Barberio, Madeleine Zurowski and Grace Lawrence.
Thanks to Leo Fincher-Johnson and everyone at the Stawell gold mine for having us.
Massive thanks to Prof. Geraint Lewis - Geraint has been Veritasium’s go-to expert for anything astrophysics and cosmology related. Please check out his website, and buy his books, they’re great - www.geraintflewis.com
Thanks to Prof. Timothy Tait for the help to make sure we got the science right.
Thanks to Ingo Berg for illustrating the effect of dark matter on the rotation of a galaxy beltoforion.de/en/spiral_gala...
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Galaxy cluster simulation from IllustrisTNG - www.tng-project.org
Venn Diagram of Dark Matter from Tim Tait - ve42.co/venn
The Bullet Cluster Image from Magellan, Hubble and Chandra telescopes - ve42.co/BC2
Bullet cluster animation from Andrew Robertson / Institute for Computational Cosmology / Durham University - ve42.co/BC3
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Bernabei, R., Belli, P., Cappella, F., Cerulli, R., Dai, C. J., d’Angelo, A., ... & Ye, Z. P. (2008). First results from DAMA/LIBRA and the combined results with DAMA/NaI. The European Physical Journal C, 56(3), 333-355. - ve42.co/DAMA2008
Zwicky, F. (1933). Die rotverschiebung von extragalaktischen nebeln. Helvetica physica acta, 6, 110-127. - ve42.co/Zwicky1
Zwicky, F. (1937). On the Masses of Nebulae and of Clusters of Nebulae. The Astrophysical Journal, 86, 217. - ve42.co/Zwicky2
Rubin, V. C., & Ford Jr, W. K. (1970). Rotation of the Andromeda nebula from a spectroscopic survey of emission regions. The Astrophysical Journal, 159, 379. - ve42.co/Rubin1
Bosma, A., & Van der Kruit, P. C. (1979). The local mass-to-light ratio in spiral galaxies. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 79, 281-286. - ve42.co/Bosma1
Milgrom, M. (1983). A modification of the Newtonian dynamics as a possible alternative to the hidden mass hypothesis. The Astrophysical Journal, 270, 365-370. - ve42.co/mond1
Sanders, R. H., & McGaugh, S. S. (2002). Modified Newtonian dynamics as an alternative to dark matter. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 40(1), 263-317. - ve42.co/Mond2
M. Markevitch; A. H. Gonzalez; D. Clowe; A. Vikhlinin; L. David; W. Forman; C. Jones; S. Murray & W. Tucker (2004). "Direct constraints on the dark matter self-interaction cross-section from the merging galaxy cluster 1E0657-56". Astrophys. J. 606 (2): 819-824. - ve42.co/BC1
Great website about the CMB - background.uchicago.edu/~whu/i...
Galli, S., Iocco, F., Bertone, G., & Melchiorri, A. (2009). CMB constraints on dark matter models with large annihilation cross section. Physical Review D, 80(2), 023505. - ve42.co/CMB1
Antonello, M., Barberio, E., Baroncelli, T., Benziger, J., Bignell, L. J., Bolognino, I., ... & Xu, J. (2019). The SABRE project and the SABRE Proof-of-Principle. The European Physical Journal C, 79(4), 1-8. - ve42.co/SABRE1
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Special thanks to Patreon supporters: Inconcision, Kelly Snook, TTST, Ross McCawley, Balkrishna Heroor, Chris LaClair, Avi Yashchin, John H. Austin, Jr., OnlineBookClub.org, Dmitry Kuzmichev, Matthew Gonzalez, Eric Sexton, john kiehl, Anton Ragin, Diffbot, Micah Mangione, MJP, Gnare, Dave Kircher, Burt Humburg, Blake Byers, Dumky, Evgeny Skvortsov, Meekay, Bill Linder, Paul Peijzel, Josh Hibschman, Mac Malkawi, Michael Schneider, jim buckmaster, Juan Benet, Ruslan Khroma, Robert Blum, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Vincent, Stephen Wilcox, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Clayton Greenwell, Michael Krugman, Cy 'kkm' K'Nelson, Sam Lutfi, Ron Neal
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Written by Derek Muller and Petr Lebedev
Edited by Trenton Oliver
Animation by Ivy Tello and Mike Radjabov
Filmed by Derek Muller and Petr Lebedev
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Image
B-roll supplied by Stawell Gold Mine
Music from Epidemic Sound
Thumbnail by Ignat Berbeci
Produced by Derek Muller, Petr Lebedev, and Emily Zhang

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1 Haz 2022

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The other John Smith Yıl önce

It never stops to amaze me how one can build a detector for particles when we don't know what those particles are. It's like telling a person from the stone age to go and find metal.

doug randall Yıl önce

Some stone ager did find metal, that is how the Copper Age began.

Hinsberg Reagent Yıl önce

@doug randall and that’s how the dark matter age of humanity will begin , dark tech ? 🤣

morrow Yıl önce

we know what to look for because dark matter interacts gravitationaly, which is a thing we can measure. it's like being blind but looking for the fire because it radiates heat.

mina magdy Yıl önce

More like telling a person from the stone age that they might get a shiny surface from heating up certain rocks hot enough. So long as they keep seeing rock after the fact, they will try to better insulate the rock or try to find other samples. When one finally melts, they may see a semi-shiny surface and assume, correctly, that they are close. They will likely then try to perfect smelting techniques to get a better finish/metal over time.

doug randall Yıl önce

@Hinsberg Reagent I think they will just call it The Dark Age.😁

Vlad Dracul 10 aylar önce

"Anytime an astrophysicist puts the word dark in front of something it means we have no idea what we're talking about" -Neil DeGrasse Tyson

Super Playlists 10 aylar önce

Well, in this case the word 'dark' is actually before something so 🤓☝

leagueofotters 10 aylar önce

@Super Playlists Well, you failed to take into account that it is actually immediately preceding so...

ratemisia! 10 aylar önce

@Super Playlists Because that NDGT joke was directly pertaining to dark matter..?

meenay💌🌲 9 aylar önce

exactly

Josh swimmerly 9 aylar önce

Lots of people didn't know what they were talking about until they did. Some guy on the Internet.

Onychoprion27 6 aylar önce

Since we already know of particles that don’t interact with some of the fundamental forces, it makes more sense to me that there’s a particle that simply only interacts with gravity. Like, neutrinos only interact via the weak force and gravity, but we already know a lot about them; I doubt dark matter, if it interacted with either of the nuclear forces, could be so elusive.

Samuil Zaychev 4 aylar önce

What you said made a lot of sense, because still after watching the video I was confused. Thank you :)

HispAnakin Aylar önce

But think about if a particle doesn’t interact with anything then it’s literally impossible to detect. If dark matter *only* interacts with gravity but on a minuscule level, then it’s going be incredibly difficult to detect on a small level. We’re only seeing the affects of dark matter on a astronomical level. Meaning it takes a ton of dark matter over a massive area to affect anything.

James Limmer 4 aylar önce

Thanks for sharing this. I went to the mine site when they made the announcement of its first stage completion. They wouldn’t let me in though 🙂

A real female cute anime girl who isnt a old man! 3 aylar önce

this comment needs more likes!!!

Steven Strotsgraz 2 aylar önce

🙂

Swarnava Bose Aylar önce

tf 🫠

A real female cute anime girl who isnt a old man! Aylar önce

pinn

Ashurean 10 aylar önce

14:14 I'm with this guy, it'd be really exciting if we ended discovering a whole new family of particles, but since they apparently don't interact with each other very strongly, the chance of anything showing up that isn't a fundamental-level particle is low.

Stephen Holt 9 aylar önce

I don't know - I'd say we know so little about dark matter at present that we can't rule out some exotic interactions between its particles other than just gravity. The simplest explanation is that it's bland and uniform, but that's not the only solution to what we see...

pyropulse 9 aylar önce

@Stephen Holt we don't know anything about dark matter. We don't even know if it exists. There are other hypothesis that explain the galaxy rotation curves, and make other valid predictions, and it doesn't rely on dark matter existing

GonPlays 2 aylar önce

A theory suggests that Dark matter could be normal fermions sitting on higher dimensions of the universe

Raven4K 25 gün önce

but what if it's not dark matter but instead just a black hole that they are detecting and we just happen to orbit close to is every 6 months which is why the scan result peak in summer and drop off in winter

luca buondonno 6 aylar önce

Just a little geographical correction: this laboratory is not in the Italian Alps, but in the appennine, under the "Gran Sasso" (literally "big stone"), the highest non alpine Italian mountain

Mr. Rabbit 5 aylar önce

Yeah I'm going to Alps soon so I wanted to find where it is but I couldn't find a trace of it being in the Alps anywhere in the internet. Such a blunder by Veritasium

Kansoganix 4 aylar önce

@Mr. Rabbit Actually it's in the Dark Italian Alps. No surprise you didn't find it.

Davide Nunin 4 aylar önce

@Kansoganix pretty sure they re called appennines

Matteo Dolcin 4 aylar önce

@Davide Nunin as an Italian, they are

Mr. Rabbit 4 aylar önce

@Kansoganix "..nobody have been yet able to find it" :D

Emang Gitulah Yıl önce

Had a good friend working for his PhD for the Italian side of the project. The material science is insane. They used copper from old sunken ships for a lot of the hardware, because it is way less contaminated with radiation. Super interesting projects and marvelous engineering

Raj Yıl önce

That's so cool!

Andy Lee Robinson Yıl önce

It is steel that they use from the ships that were sunk before the nuclear tests, or any iron that was made before then.

Rafael Lang Yıl önce

You made me post my first youtube comment. Ever. ;) We use lead from sunken Roman ships. But that's super rare, so it's really only used in the CUORE experiment for some of the shielding, and for soldering stuff in some specialized applications, such as in CRESST. Old iron is too brittle. And copper can be made extremely clean using electrolysis (and even cleaner doing the electrolysis underground)

IR W Yıl önce

BOLLOCKS

ferris Yıl önce

Wow

CamFlies 5 aylar önce

Veritasium.. outstanding work. Really well explained and I truly can't help but respect the fact that you actually reference your sources in the description, instead of just saying "facts" which other channels seem to produce with no attempt at reference. Thank you and great work!

Raven4K 25 gün önce

or simply put the detectors range is less then they realize and as the earth orbits around the sun earth gets close enough to detect dark matter well and then scan results drop off as we get further away from it

CamFlies 25 gün önce

@Raven4K uhh?

Raven4K 25 gün önce

@CamFlies yeah I know our dark matter detectors have a limited range if that's the case or it could be a black hole and as the earths orbit brings it close to it that's setting the detectors off and they drop off as we orbit away from the hole during the year you know fun times

CamFlies 25 gün önce

@Raven4K I fail to see the relevance of your comment to mine tho lol

Paragliding Prospector 4 gün önce

Man, the quality of your content sets the bar and then some! Keep up the great work and congrats on the recent collaborations too!

CANNIBALCROW 10 aylar önce

I like the way Neil deGrasse Tyson theorize what dark matter might actually be. Maybe there's other dimensions that exist slightly out of phase of us and the gravity is the only thing that bleeds through

CANNIBALCROW 3 aylar önce

@philo betto 😅🤣😂 now that is funny. Thank you for that and don't lose your sense of humor.

philo betto 3 aylar önce

@CANNIBALCROW I couldn't if I wanted to what Being funny does for me is like what makeup does for ladies.... lmao!

David Spector 26 gün önce

There is no such thing as "existence out of phase". That is a science fiction concept.

Science Inventors 2 aylar önce

i've lived near the italian detector for years and it is absolutely amazing to discover so much time later what did they do and discover inside that laboratory. There is a gallery which passes just trough the gran sasso and in that you can see a door with written "INFN Laboratory". I've always been curious to discover in what is at the other side of the door but it is almost impossible to enter in there whitout any specific pass.

Enchantaire 8 aylar önce

Bravo to Veritassium and all the scientists involved. This is really exciting. We're born in this universe full of secrets, and we are unveiling them, one by one.

Roxor128 Yıl önce

"It may elude us, but at least we tried." The essence of science in one sentence!

Electro-Cute Yıl önce

""" Our model of the universe can't be wrong. The evidence has to be wrong. """ Dark matter in a nutshell. Imagine talking about the essence of science in the meta of extreme cases of pseudoscience. Imagine saying the same when someone's experiment to find god failed. If there is no way to disprove something it has no place in science what so ever. Tell me how to disprove dark matter or accept that it is BS.

Roxor128 Yıl önce

@Electro-Cute I don't particularly care if dark matter gets thrown out or not. If we can refine general relativity so dark matter becomes unnecessary to explain what we see, GOOD! We've got a better explanation than we do now. If one of these experiments actually pans out and finds the stuff, also good! More interesting things to investigate.

NK Yıl önce

@Electro-Cute all models are wrong. Some are useful.

Oscaragious 11 aylar önce

I would say the essence of science is learning. If we try, but don't learn, it's kinda pointless, right?

Charlie Theteacher 5 aylar önce

Great video Derek! I love how Geraint F. Lewis sums it up at the end. Thank you also for leaving the clips of how emotional scientists can be with their pet projects - good to remember.

Aaron Animation s 3 aylar önce

This video was very informative and entertaining. I learned a lot about dark matter and the experiments that are trying to detect it. I especially liked the part where you explained how the SABRE project works and how it uses crystals to measure the recoil of atoms. The animations and visuals were also very helpful and engaging. Thank you for making this video and sharing your knowledge with us!.

C4SUAL CYCL0PS 6 aylar önce

An interesting experiment would be to put an observatory either opposite the earth’s orbital location to see if the period is observed and off by 180 degrees. Or even putting one at the L4 or L5 Lagrange points

ATR 77 5 aylar önce

but how did they are going to remove the backgorund noises (muons, radioactivity) if they put that up oin the space?

C4SUAL CYCL0PS 5 aylar önce

@ATR 77 true, Edit: we just need to find the right nickel-iron asteroid to hollow out for shielding a similar sensor at its core.

DoctorX17 5 aylar önce

If Dark Matter didn’t interact with itself at all aside from gravity, wouldn’t it end up piling together into singularities in places? If there aren’t repelling forces to keep particles from occupying the same space?

Logic caster 5 aylar önce

Could be

ARAC Destroyer of Worlds 5 aylar önce

Okay so exposition time from someone who's currently working on dark matter densities. If dark matter does interact with itself, then yes there would be the dark matter equivalent of friction and dark matter would slowly migrate to already dense places in the Universe. This is because friction is the result of particles colliding/interacting and re-distributing their energies, and changing the energy of a particle alters its trajectory. However, we have no evidence (that is significant and that I know of) for this dark matter self-interaction. Think back to the Bullet cluster example. If the dark matter did self-interact significantly, it would have behaved more like the ordinary matter; colliding and getting stuck in the middle. This didn't happen, and instead the dark matter clouds passed through each other completely unfazed. No significant self-interaction means no way of re-distributing energy, and thus dark matter particles don't alter their trajectories once they're on a set path. This means that the only dark matter particles that would end up in singularities, are the ones that were already going to collide with one head-on, and the radius of no escape from a heavy object is very small compared to the rest of the Universe. So yeah, that's why we have dark matter zipping around all over the place.

Paul Thomas Aylar önce

Yeah "degeneracy pressure." It should be considered a fundamental force (and strong/weak aren't) but they have a model that forces are carried by particles (which they aren't) so it doesn't qualify.

Ghost Prime Aylar önce

@Paul Thomas Curious, why do you think forces arent carried by particles? And why do you think degeneracy pressure should be a fundamental force when its just an extreme manifestation of the pauli exclusion principle but the Strong/Weak forces shouldnt be fundamental forces when they describe how atoms stay together?

C4SUAL CYCL0PS 6 aylar önce

I like how so many experiments looking for high-energy particles boil down to looking for flashes of light in dark spaces.

Okay Nevermind 12 gün önce

Nicely put 😮

Semaj_502 Yıl önce

"But at least we tried." What a great moment to end the video. That we may never discover the answer to some of our biggest questions, yet try anyway, is the core essence of scientific inquiry.

Cheezy Nachos Yıl önce

Its one hella cost research tho

Pyro Thunder Yıl önce

@Cheezy Nachos yes but finding answers on that scale is more than worth it. Even if it takes generations to find out

WildEye Yıl önce

I liked that too. Cheers.

Corey M Yıl önce

Ehh! He's a flip flop. Especially by discounting legitimate Dark Matter observations like random Gravitational Lensing. He doesn't even mention it. It's clearly something and isn't bound by a name. Whatever this stuff is if harnessed would make that hologram Jaws in Back to the Future 2 possible and completely replace VR and monitors. The possibilities are endless. Flying Cars would be made possible too and making heavy objects (like buildings) very light.

lorenzo petrarca 5 aylar önce

0:47 The Dama/Libra is under the Gran Sasso mountain chain in Abruzzo, actually it’s the highest mountain in the Appennini. The Alps are located in the northern Italy going from est to west, the Appennini divides Italy in two going from north to south (starting roughly at the border of tuscany and emilia-romagna and ending with the Etna). The lab where the Dama/Libra is locates is called INFS (istituto nazionale fisica nucleare) and they also tested neutrinos’ speed with the CERN in Ginevra. Best regards from Montorio al Vomano, 20 minites away from the mentioned lab!👋🏼

nick grottenthaler 6 aylar önce

The correlation between the dark matter peaking in june and November and the increase in chances of getting hit by a meteor during those same months is spooking me out 😮

Matthew Plizga 5 aylar önce

They literally explained it tho if your flying through space faster your way more likely to hit things than when you go slowly lmao

henry johnson 5 aylar önce

Some things are coincidentally similar, though

SCR1BE IV 5 aylar önce

@Matthew Plizga Eh but aren't you more likely to avoid getting hit by things too, because you could get out of the way faster? Also consider this: it's a well-known idea that if someone is trying to shoot you, run in a zig-zag, not a straight line. Doesn't matter how fast you run, what makes you an easy/hard target to hit is the direction that you're moving. My point is that there are more factors that can affect how easy of a target Earth is -- not just its speed.

lowkey loki 5 aylar önce

@SCR1BE IV No. Moving faster through space makes you more likely to impact stuff. This is a well established principle, there's plenty of videos and explanations on it with good visuals. Zig-zagging doesn't matter at all, so long as the speed remains constant. Also, meteors don't aim themselves. They just exist in space at some velocity, and if earth exists near them, they will impact earth.

Amahlaka 4 aylar önce

More people outside during summer?

andreacostanza 2 aylar önce

WOW Derek what a brilliant, easy while thick, luminous while talking darkness, open episode of Veritasium You did! Simply Thank You. In the first animation you answered so many 'never dared to ask' questions i had about motus, speed, momentum of the Solar system travelling through empty space, and in the end a clever openess: let's see 🙏🏻❤️

David Spector 26 gün önce

This is an incredibly oblique yet straightforward comment, bulky in the edges, yet so thin in the middle. I almost couldn't see it even though it was so large.

Lorenzo Principe Aylar önce

Hey, very well done intro to dark matter! Just a small thing, the pictures you show when mentioning Dama/Libra are of the XENON1T/XENONnT experiments, still within the LNGS underground laboratories. They are also looking for dark matter, but with different technologies

Life Is A Curse 3 aylar önce

Very interesting video as always :D Just wondering why you don't put german stuff like "Dunkle Materie" into a speech/translation programs, so you hear the correct pronounciation - or just straight up use an audio clip of that program, if it is too hard to speak (I know it's not the easiest to pronounce foreign languages myself haha). Cheers :3

Better Chapter Yıl önce

The deeper you dive into physics and cosmology the freakier it gets.

Bow Hunter Yıl önce

And none of it matters at all....

BillAnt Yıl önce

Same goes for TRvid. ;)

Sensei Sapphire Yıl önce

@Bow Hunter *matters* (physics joke)

Dillon Schroeder Aylar önce

I am never not amazed at just how much Humans are able to find with nothing but just thinking.

David Spector 26 gün önce

I am not at all amazed at myself for my unremarkable reaction to comments like this.

Idellphany Gün önce

Humanity is truly amazing :D

ikasuki1 9 aylar önce

Not only is this extremly interesting but the editing is top tier. 15 min flew through and at the end I was asking for more… when some video are not even 10 min long and feels like eternity even though they talk about subjeçt that interest me… great job 👍

Operator Chakkoty 4 aylar önce

The star Vs weight on a string is actually a genius visualization. I wonder where he found it or if he come came up with it himself.

David Spector 26 gün önce

It is a conventional visualization of the centripetal force--well-known at the introductory physics level of education. He came up with the objects and string himself.

Jack the Doctor 2 aylar önce

8:56 I've always found it eerie that this classic picture of the CMB, which I first saw in college, years ago, has always looked to me so similar to an Earth map. It isn't perfect of course, but you can kind of see a space for the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, as well as areas for the continents, to a degree.

Owen Langfield 2 aylar önce

Coincidence? I think not! The earth is the universe confirmed! Space isn't real it's just a picture in the sky guys!

David Spector 26 gün önce

@Owen Langfield I think what you mean is that space is not in any way like a convex geologic spheroid. Any similarity in these two maps would have to be coincidental.

Brett 7 aylar önce

“If we see something, then we’re all happy” - exactly how I remembered Elisabetta’s teaching 😁

Josh Binder Yıl önce

Here's to hoping we get a dark matter detection in our lifetime! Cheers

Dorijan T Yıl önce

There's more chance for us to find inteligent life in our own solar system than to find dark matter.

Wicowan Yıl önce

@Dorijan T and where does that come from ?

Mr Random Yıl önce

Don't hold your breath

Felix Isaac Yıl önce

@Danny Archer Oooh, now that's fascinating.

Ashley Smith Yıl önce

Why? What are you gonna do with it? Sell it on ebay?

desan476 10 gün önce

rewatching this after 11 months and the way Derek holds a camera in 14:17 makes me a bit nervous. otherwise one of my most favorite videos from Veritasium.

Siyi Zhou 3 aylar önce

It is an amazing idea to use a thin line connect to different masses in the center with a star to illustrate the effect of dark matter.

David Spector 26 gün önce

I didn't see that anywhere in the video.

Fit_PharmD 7 aylar önce

This is the literal frontier of science. This video is attempting to explain what we as an entire human race cannot currently explain or understand at the moment. The crazy thing is it only takes one human or other being (who can say really) to encounter this enigma and go oh I know what’s going on here and unravel it all. God I really hope I’m alive to hear the explanation or even better be part of it.

David Spector 26 gün önce

If this is the literal frontier of science, my question to you would be, what is the virtual or imaginary frontier of science?

AllWheelDrive 10 aylar önce

Good one. Thanks! It's refreshing to see more scientists embrace the ideas that we really don't know much now, and are most likely to fully answer so many of the biggest questions. I think the relatively rapid pace of what we consider significant discoveries has given us a new, more open, and healthier perspective on our unavoidable human limitations. It also seems to be bringing back a reverence for our existence, more like our ancient ancestors experienced. What has seemed to us to be backward and elementary is quite the opposite. We've chosen to dominate our environment rather than work in mutually beneficial harmony with it. Our human exceptionalism just tossed aside the importance of our inextricable relationship to literally everything.

Nguyên Phuong 8 aylar önce

I'm not really good with physic so could you explain for me, if possible how can black matter transfer its energy to the sodium crystal when earlier in the video you said that dark matter don't interact with matter. And I believe one of your example is when two galaxies collided the heavier part is on both end because dark matter just pass though other ordinary matter. I'm asking this question because I am genuinely curious about the topic, not to complain or anything. Anyway, the video is amazing and have a nice day.

Lost in Play Yıl önce

It's comforting to know that this kind of research is being done. The kind that doesn't have any clear economic purpose, but instead is just for the sake of the pursuit of knowledge.

Martin Andersen Yıl önce

This is a very important point! It's not obvious that a civilization would pay for this.

Scuttt1 Yıl önce

amen brother

Valentine Yıl önce

Billions of dollars in grant money is not economic to you then?

Pluto : Yıl önce

dark matter is actually just the medium in which consciousness exists, aka it is the soul. that is why it can be found in mountians/ancient volcanos where xinu deposited souls at the beginning.

CalvinB 10 aylar önce

The best part of all of this is honestly so simple. These are just guesses. Highly informed and incredibly educated guesses but guesses nonetheless. Space exploration truly is fascinating.

Matt D 10 aylar önce

That's why science is such a world changing concept. Someone makes a guess, builds an experiment, publishes his findings, his peers try as hard as possible to disprove it with their own experiments, whatever guesses survive the longest are likely to be the most accurate. There is no ego, no "because I said it was so", just... guesses, incredibly educated guesses like you said. Love it

David Spector 26 gün önce

All of science starts with guesses. The interesting thing is how it get verified through observation and experiment. Otherwise, it would be no better than the insane and unverifiable dogma prescribed by organized religions.

bob gade 9 aylar önce

As with my theory of black holes being an overgrow binary orbit combining mass for gravitational pull, I believe "dark mater"/"antimatter" to be the catalyst to stabilize a particular reaction, such as steel wool and a 9 volt inside a vaccume

David Spector 26 gün önce

Someday,. if you ever get an education in science and come back and read this, you'll be incredibly embarrassed.

Fit_PharmD 7 aylar önce

You want to talk about feeling small and putting your day to day problems into proper perspective. Just listening to this and seeing what is going on all around us in space makes my mental heath, job, and social issues seem like nothing at all. Like there’s so much more out there than what my senses encounter during a single day. Just wow is all I can think to say.

Sean Meehan 10 aylar önce

This was really fun to watch and I'll bet it was amazing to make.

Typsy K. Capone 7 aylar önce

I find it interesting that we've never been able to measure dark matter yet we are so convinced there's 5x as much as normal matter.. like where did that number even come from

Reality Boat 6 aylar önce

I created it

Inazagi 6 aylar önce

According to whatever the scientists have figured about velocity of the bodies revolving around in space, their mass is too less to keep up their acceleration, they need some extra mass for the same. And the calculated value of that extra mass is 5 times the mass of what we could see. That extra mass is what dark matter is.

Jatzi 1 6 aylar önce

He literally explained where it came from in the video

Typsy K. Capone 6 aylar önce

@Jatzi 1 he literally said "we've never been able to measure it"

Jatzi 1 6 aylar önce

@Typsy K. Capone He said they got 5x from measuring how fast galaxies spin and estimating from there across the whole universe. He also talked about turning the cmb into a graph and estimating the amount that way which also resulted in 5x. You aren't very good at paying attention to videos are you?

xSociety Yıl önce

"It may elude us, but at least we tried." That right there is what science is all about. Loved that quote.

Phoboz Yıl önce

Having evolved as sentient beings, in a universe where some things might never be detectable or provable, is the ultimate cosmic irony.

Drops2cents Yıl önce

That's one of the great things about science: even if an experiment fails, it may still be a win because of the interesting data gathered in the process which in turn may lead to fascinating new discoveries. So the most important science quote isn't "Heureka!", but: "Hey, that's funny..." - because that's how _every_ expansion of knowledge begins. 🙂

Abajur Yıl önce

except maybe it isn't there, and you are searching for the phantom of a particular mathematical formula that predicts what we know but requires the existence of something that doesn't exist maybe time and money could be better spent looking for an alternative theory

cam quoc Yıl önce

Edin Zukić Yıl önce

Luminiferous aether has eluded us for almost 200 years.

Michael Deierhoi 10 aylar önce

Yes, the search for dark matter may be absurd, but right now it is the best option we have to explain the effects in the universe that we are seeing.

Bucky Dornster 6 aylar önce

Best way to put it. It's strange when I see veiled comments that seem to say "the observations are wrong" ... or even "stop observing"

Incepter 4 aylar önce

Dark Matter will always blow my mind since it is just as mysterious as Dark Energy, but it amazes me that people already have a machine that can detect Dark Matter.

Stan Stockton 9 aylar önce

Has it ever occurred to anyone that dark matter could simply be the galactic core pulling space into it the way it does matter? That may also explain dark energy. If every galaxy is pulling space into it, space itself would be stretched between galaxies, creating the same red shift effect that dark energy creates. So basically there could be a single mechanism creating both dark energy and dark matter

David Spector 26 gün önce

Gravity in the direction of the galactic core would not explain the effects of dark matter. It's the wrong direction. You're not really thinking, are you?

Angela Lewis 10 aylar önce

My favorite thing in this video is that among the tests for dark matter listed, two of them are “Edelweiss III” and “Tesseract.” 😆

Corinne Ng 9 aylar önce

I like those names too

Aman Verma 6 aylar önce

Tesseract is a 4D hyper cube 🧊

EnricoV Yıl önce

Incredible video! Just a small detail: Gran Sasso (the mountain over DAMA/LIBRA) is not in the Italian Alps, but in another mountain range called the Apennines.

Meta Egoist Yıl önce

How did u even watch the video in 9 minutes?

Giulio Piccinno Yıl önce

@Meta Egoist my brother in Christ, 2X does exist

Dramwertz Yıl önce

@Giulio Piccinno the greatest gift given to humankind

Giulio Piccinno Yıl önce

Anyway he says it in the first minute

Kestin Sarver 6 aylar önce

I had a thought, what if dark matterr isn't an object but a field of reality that we just don't know yet. We couldn't figure out why mercury had such a weird orbit. Some thought that maybe there was a planet inside the orbit of mercury. We had just found the last planet because of the same reason. However this was obviously wrong turns out the thing that was missing was relativity by Einstein. I feel that this is very close to what we have now.

ayo 6 aylar önce

My personal layman imagination is that when virtual particles come in and out existence is never really gone (matter that exists for short times inside of vacuum, and that hyper massive particles that exist for short periods of time when destroying atoms) Somehow us destroying atoms can actually turn the dark matter into matter we can actually interact with.

ThriceGreat 5 aylar önce

"Dark matter" is "the Aether " the ancients talked of, utilizing geometric patterns aligned a specific way, well, maybe they'll find something then.

Mr. Rabbit 5 aylar önce

@ThriceGreat Its nowhere even close, those are 2 totally different 'ideas', and the only thing in common is they were presumably "everywhere, filling the void". Apart of it, it's like saying "the cable is the electricity"

Adriano Quanto 4 aylar önce

I feel kind of like it too, I imagine Dark Matter like a "fluid" that fills the Fabric...

Lucas Kerper Aylar önce

One of your best videos yet! Space theory feels so philosophical yet sciencey at the same time.

Tao Covillault Aylar önce

Lately, everytime I see your videos (which are super amazing by the way :P), I can't stop thinking of these BTS shots 14:17 There is always one shot where we see you filming and as a filmmaker myself, I'm always baffled by the stability of your shots, even when holding very awkwardly your A7sIII 😅 I bet you disabled IBIS and then use the Catalyst Browse stabilisation ? 🤔 But anyway, ou must be an amazing surgeon, because your hands are steady as granite 😳! And this pose particularly, is insane 🤣 I use the A7IV, and I only wish I could manage to be this stable, even with a gimbal xD

Coopierre 10 aylar önce

Quick thought: When you mentioned how dark matter only interacts with things through gravity, it got me thinking about the quantum theory of gravity and the theoretical graviton. If we can directly detect dark matter, then it could in theory also prove the existence of the graviton particle and create a quantum theory of gravity.

David Spector 26 gün önce

I don't see how that can possibly be true. Can you explain further, or was your quick thought the result of an equally quick physics education?

HelplessTeno 6 aylar önce

This channel is just such a gift.

Nicolas Duguay Yıl önce

Sometimes I feel ashamed to be a human, but sometimes I watch a Veritasium video and pride comes back. The means deployed to find the secrets of our universe are amazing. And it takes so much humility to say "it may elude us, but at least we tried"

HITNUT Yıl önce

yea you need to stop watching too much tiktok

pamford bridge Yıl önce

Don't be dramatic

Jablue Yıl önce

The atrocities and terrible treatment of one another are examples of the lows. Don't let those things distract you from the highs.

David Rice Yıl önce

That is the human spirit we cant understand everything but we still want to learn

Freak80MC Yıl önce

@pamford bridge Hard not to be when you see how humans treat each other. Look around every once and a while and you realize we haven't evolved much past our ape ancestors.

GoCoyote 10 aylar önce

I have always wondered if dark matter is the result of matter and anti-matter combining. Is it possible that they don't destroy each other, but join together and then form dark matter?

John Cena 9 aylar önce

No, they just turn into energy.

GoCoyote 9 aylar önce

@John Cena I am not saying that matter and antimatter don't give off energy when they combine, but we say that matter and antimatter annihilate each other. What if they are not truly annihilated, but become dark matter? Matter and antimatter can be seen to just "appear" from nowhere, what if it is appearing from Dark Matter splitting apart into matter and antimatter?

John Cena 9 aylar önce

@GoCoyote If they already become something else, i.e. energy, then it would break the first law of thermodynamics for them to also become something else. There is nothing inside of matter or antimatter that we know could become something else, i.e. dark matter. The components simply annihilate each other. And I don't believe matter or antimatter has been observed to appear out of nowhere.

GoCoyote 9 aylar önce

@Bophades I have never heard anyone saying that antimatter travels back in time. And since we can create antimatter, albeit at great expense, your statement makes no sense.

Bucky Dornster 6 aylar önce

@GoCoyote They become gamma rays.

TJ C 10 aylar önce

2 questions: 1. You mention a couple times that the belief is dark matter only interacts with other matter through gravity. The experiment as you describe it seems like an interaction other than gravitational (i.e. the dark matter will "hit" the sodium-iodine). Am I incorrect in thinking that? 2. The special paint coating on the wall in the cavern to contain radon...is that just lead paint?

Meboy1000 10 aylar önce

when he says it doesnt interact with luminous matter it's a simplification, he does touch on what DAMA/LIBRA is actually assuming dark matter is, a WIMP, (Weak interacting massive particle). This assumes that dark matter can interact with regular matter, but does so at such low rates that it is borderline undetectable, thus remaining undiscovered.

rutger5000 10 aylar önce

@Meboy1000 I figured, but come on that's just being apologetic. That no longer is proper science. It's accounting for your observations without theory that can be falsified.

TJ C 10 aylar önce

@Meboy1000 Thank you!

anon anon 10 aylar önce

@rutger5000 much of this bleeding edge physics theories are unfalsifiable, competing hypothesis that can be proven but not disproven. Once one is proven, the search is pretty much over.

sorsocksfake 9 aylar önce

@rutger5000 To the contrary, that's what the experiment is for. The hypothesis is that it does interact, but extremely rarely. So we wouldn't notice it among all the things that do regularly interact. The experiment takes away all the things that regularly interact, hopefully leaving us with only those weakly interacting things, if they'd be so kind to pop up. Kinda like trying to catch the invisible man stealing our sandwiches by sprinkiing flour all over the room and getting everybody out.

James 2 aylar önce

I just watched the gravitational stuff in the "World's strongest magnet" video and it made me consider the cosmic microwave background. You mentioned the temperature changes, and about how light could permeate the universe (sorry, I am no physicist), but would this be the Eddy currents creating tiny temperature variants as things blasted in and around the dark matter (gravitational interation)?

Andrelopithecus 10 aylar önce

I honestly think there’s an alternate theory of gravity. There’s some constant or something that is negligible or zero in most cases but is inflated based on certain factors ... also because quantum gravity and classical gravity don’t line up. I find it likely we have something wrong there, and it’s probably at the same point.

Andrew Wiggin 9 aylar önce

My thoughts exactly. It seems to me far more reasonable to assume that we have it wrong than to assume the universe is full of matter we can't interact with.

UpSky2 9 aylar önce

Gravity might have a lot more than Newtonian mathematics ever covered. What if thousands of massive point sources, or millions... or, yes, billions and billions... act differently together than the assumed point source at the center Which is what Newtonian gravity math basically assumes. The Simple Model, as it were. Also, gravity seems to act odd everywhere, on astronomical scales. What about that?

fat 9 aylar önce

not something i expected from someone with a creeper pfp

TRauck 9 aylar önce

Look into plasma physics and the electric universe theory.

Corinne Ng 9 aylar önce

@fat humans are complex beings so… I wasn’t expecting that either XD

Your future wife 2 aylar önce

If I just watched this a week before, I would've gotten a couple of extra points in my physics finals.

NuclearDude Yıl önce

"It may elude us. But at least we tried." And this statement alone should underpin everything we humans attempt in future. We learn more from our failures than we ever would with a success. Even knowing how something DOESN'T work is important. It closes off dead ends in learning and research. Every failure is important to learn from. Do not deride them, otherwise you avoid learning the real lessons.

Fel Anderis Yıl önce

Imagine that, scientists that aren't claiming they know everything... Big change from what we've been exposed to for the past 2 years...

Loturzel Restaurant Yıl önce

@Fel Anderis Scientific Integrity probably demands to inform yourself about the current wave of anti-science and lgbt-hate, I'd argue. As if Science-TRvidrs and Atheist-Channel werent alwready-and-anyway kinda closely similar, but now it's literally them who impose the issues dubbed 'Trumpism' and Extremism in general. Telltale Atheist informs/warns about LGBT-Issues, so?

Fel Anderis Yıl önce

@Loturzel Restaurant First...No they aren't. That statement is laughable. Second...kinda off topic, no?

Jay B 5 aylar önce

Human beings finding dark matter is the equivilant of a character in a video game being able to find the physical hardware doing the processing to create his pixelated world.

Logic caster 5 aylar önce

Prove it

Tom 5 aylar önce

Fall Guy

Drew 4 aylar önce

Whoa

Furkan 22 gün önce

I have a ton of respect for Dirk but the way he butchered the word "Dunkle Materie" is really hilarious. I was listening to it without watching and then checked my phone screen to look how the word looks and i cracked up 😂

Allan South 10 aylar önce

When matter gathers due to gravity, as in galaxies or star systems, it usually forms a disc. If dark matter is only affected by gravity, why does it gather around galaxies in a spherical form and not a disc like all the other matter?

Brandon fall 9 aylar önce

Asking the real questions. Also it doesn't gather that way because it doesn't exist. Simple as that!

R P 9 aylar önce

@Brandon fall It doesnt gather the same way because its literally missing 3 out of 4 of the fundamental interactions, and it most likely does exist, we can literally measure its density

Brandon fall 9 aylar önce

@R P Measuring dust. Dust has density. Not dark matter.

Allan South 9 aylar önce

@R P But the coalescence of galaxies is a gravitational interaction. The other three forces don't play any part in it.

riccardo ammendola 2 aylar önce

You are just amazing. I wish for more channel like yours. Thank you for your work.

David Spector 26 gün önce

Your comment is remarkable. I hope you write more just like it. Thank you for your work.

PoprocksAndCoke777 9 aylar önce

@7:30 He did a really good job of explaining both of the theories without bias

gregor5582 Yıl önce

As a german speaking person i think your pronunciation at 4:15 is EPIC. Still more than wrong :D Jokes aside as always an incredible video

Moin Moin Yıl önce

Was about to comment this aswell :D

Felix Victor Münch Yıl önce

Just looked in the comments for that reason 😝 Sounds more French than German I think (as a native German speaker)

Alex May Yıl önce

It's just beautiful. Duncle Muttery.

Raziel Yıl önce

he pronounced it like it was french ... but people in switzerland also speak german (sort of :P)

mathcat Yıl önce

should be Duhn-kleh Mah-te-ri-e

Suficientemente Bom com Marcos Fanton 7 aylar önce

Your videos always amaze and inspire me. Thank you.

Dazanar 10 aylar önce

i love the hands on experiments you show us more basic minds so we can all get this.

ZMacZ Furreh 13 gün önce

Seeing this again, there's also a detectional difference. When speed of the Earth varies being highest in June and lowest in november, anything moving through the electrical circuits along those same paths also changes. Minutely but yes, yearly.

1cor731 3 aylar önce

Great presentation of experiment and theory! For additional complexities see Sabine Hossenfelder "Dark Matter: The Situation has Changed", made a few months earlier.

David Spector 26 gün önce

Yes. Each video on dark matter gives part of the entire picture.

Andrew Wiggin 10 aylar önce

I've never been a big believer in dsrk matter. It seems more reasonable to me to assume that general relativity represents an incomplete theory of the macroscopic universe. I don't find the evidence for dark matter to be very compelling.

Artyom Yıl önce

Fascinating! Also, whoever is doing the visuals for Veritasium is doing an amazing job! The charts, the 3D models, and the animations look extremely well-done and really help you to understand the idea behind it. Cheers! Edit: thanks for the grammar lesson

Katie Barnshaw Yıl önce

Ivy Tello and Mike Radjabov are legends!

Logan Roman Yıl önce

“Look well,” you say? I don’t know how a graph is capable of looking at things.

Will Yıl önce

@Logan Roman Ah you're that guy

YodaWhat Yıl önce

@Logan Roman At least he didn't say "They look sick." ;-)

ferris Yıl önce

Wesley P Aylar önce

i tend to like the idea that we dont actually know anything at all and just think we do and because we cant explain why we dont know things, we assume things that are not true.

bill mcdonald 7 aylar önce

Is there a relationship between the forces that keep a galaxy together (attributed to 'dark matter') and the acceleration of the galaxy moving outward in the expanding universe? And is there a relation in this phenomenon to Plank's constant?

David Spector 26 gün önce

No, no, and no. Galaxies are held together mostly by their internal gravity, because stars are very massive, not by black matter. Black matter explains why their outermost rotation is roughly the same as their innermost.

Isaac Sarnoff 9 aylar önce

Very nice video. One very pedantic note, at 0:53 and 10:11, you say "Dama/Libra" but show footage of the Xenon detector. Both are dark matter detectors located at Gran Sasso National Lab, so easily confused, but different detectors.

Ken Brady 10 aylar önce

I love your work in general, but the animations of stars spinning in galaxies and galaxies gyrating about their clusters are impressively fast. In fact, we can barely see these things move at all, and the only way we observe their velocities is via their relative Doppler shifts.

John 4 aylar önce

I liked the evidence you presented. Good job.

David Spector 26 gün önce

I like the brevity of the comment you wrote. Good job.

ENCHANTMEN Yıl önce

I imagine scientists made out of dark matter are setting up similarly complicated experiments to try to detect this mythical "regular matter"

Milton B Yıl önce

Light matter perhaps? Lol

Loplop Ploplo Yıl önce

😂

coryman125 Yıl önce

I love the idea that their world has played out so exactly the same as ours that they actually have the same English language, except by some quirk they call themselves "dark matter" and call us "regular matter"

crustum cremo Yıl önce

That's racist.

Dr. Beanut Yıl önce

we would be like dark matter to them

StickPFP 5 aylar önce

Reminds me of the math video, about how there are some truths that have no proof. Perhaps dark matter is real, but we can never prove it’s actual existence.

Cy8er Cat 10 aylar önce

Dark matter always seems like a new aether to me. Tbf i am no scientist and there are plenty of learned people much smarter than i will ever be working on this but it almost feels like plot armor in a movie

Ricardo Adonis Caraccioli Abrego 8 aylar önce

I have a theory that can explain dark matter, but I need the go-ahead from a physicist like you to validate it.

David Spector 26 gün önce

I have a theory about how uneducated people are qualified to propose serious theories about physics, but it is too complicated to publish in this small space.

Houjous 6 aylar önce

What if the edge of galaxies hold an electromagnetic boundary reducing effects from beyond that point making things harder to get in or out of. The reason the outer most matter is just as fast as inside is the same reason the Nascar driver did a wall ride.

Inside Line MTB 15 gün önce

Maybe someone already answered this, but wouldn’t “dark matter” just be the black holes of each galaxy interacting with every other black hole along with all the massive dead stars that aren’t massive enough to be black holes?

Tracy Trawick 11 aylar önce

I normally watch you on my phone. But yesterday I walk in our living room and there you are in big screen TV, my grandson watching & listening to your every word! That's when we found out we both followed you on TRvid! Your def multi-multi-gen, he's 11, I'm 63 - and we now watch together during his annual summer vacation with us! Great work! Priceless memories and conversations!

Skotch Izolentovich 11 aylar önce

Wow! Great story!

Dylan Dutson 11 aylar önce

Beautiful! My 4 year old daughter loves to watch "space videos" before bed and it's the best thing in the world.

Zeus P. 11 aylar önce

I'm so happy for you and your grandson. You both have someone to share ideas and theories. I start sharing mine with people and they usually tune out or get bored. You're both blessed to have each other. Now, to the observatory! :)

Bonnie Davis 11 aylar önce

I'm 75. Appeals to all, new brain or old.

Max Tmy 10 aylar önce

This is so beautiful! I hope my daughters inherited my interest in anything (Astro)physics. In a few years I will know. And you and your grandson discovering this by accident is a great story.

ΜπάξIνΣιξ 8 aylar önce

It’s crazy that at some point in the future, people will think that there was a point in the past,that humanity was calling …. dark matter!

P Just 9 aylar önce

As the person in the mine mentioned, there may be an entire standard model of particles that make up the "dark matter" continuum. If so, then could those particles that make up, let's call it Standard Model Prime (SM'), interact with the other particles in SM' like our SM particles, creating an entire universe of galaxies, stars, planets, and possibly even people in the SM' universe? If so, and the calculations and observations say the amount of DM is 5 times that of our SM universe, then perhaps there is a SM' universe and 4 more universes full of particles in their own standard model, SM'', SM''', SM'''', and SM''''', or Standard Model Prime to Standard Model PrimeX5. One could conclude that our gestalt continuum consists of SIX separate universes, each with their own Standard Model of particles that interact within their universe, but only interact with each other through the distortion of the continuum that we call gravity. Thus, the multiverse theory could explain the existence, and the lack of interaction between the six distinct universes made up of the six sets of Standard Model particles. Why SIX universes? In a three dimensional continuum that we find ourselves part of, there are SIX directions: X+, X-, Y+, Y-, Z+ and Z-. So each universe corresponds to a different "direction", and universes on different "directions" don't interact except for distortion of the continuum, i.e. gravity. Please feel free to fire at will. I've spent all of 20-30 minutes on this deep analysis. 😀

Syed Shahid 9 aylar önce

I live in karachi Pakistan I like your communication

Ashleyation 6 aylar önce

You know I wonder if this guy himself actually understands it all also. Like how much approximate knowledge on many things can you have? Don't get me wrong he is awesome, just pointing out something I have been wondering about.

David Spector 26 gün önce

I don't know if you are serious in your question. Just something I've been wondering about as I read these comments.

Wj11jam 27 gün önce

Is it not possible that dark matter could just be incredibly tiny, but otherwise ordinary, subatomic particles? Too small for it to be likely that they interact with anything else (light, other matter, etc.), but still there, and still creating a tangible gravitational attraction in large enough quantities

Neeraj singh tomar 7 aylar önce

Seriously it's amazing to know that, according to relative motion we always feel from earth's surface, that we in rest and other things that we see in space motion.

David Spector 26 gün önce

Why is relative motion amazing? Wouldn't it be amazing if there were no relative motion, or random relative motion?

YATRA Yıl önce

Let's take a moment and appreciate the people appreciating veritasium for his hard work and passion.

PathForger Yıl önce

Will do... once I finish watching the actual video...

David Rubio Yıl önce

I appreciate that comment.

TRIANGLE FRUIT Yıl önce

I appreciate this!

EK Yıl önce

Let's take a moment and appreciate the people appreciating the people appreciating veritasium for his hard work and passion.

Altu bhai Yıl önce

Don't read profile photo we cannot read photos 🤣🤣

Mages 2 aylar önce

It would be interesting to find that dark matter is real and we could use it to set out frame of reference to. For instance we could set an absolute for speed through the universe such as in use for spacecraft travel.

David Spector 26 gün önce

The dark matter of a galaxy would determine the same frame of reference as the ordinary visible matter of the same galaxy. Please get an education in physics before making proposals.

Colin McCowan 8 aylar önce

At the end of the video the dude is asked about dark matter interacting with regular matter, but I thought the only way for us to explain the existence of dark matter is through the fact that it is somehow interacting with normal matter through gravity (ie: stars on the outskirts of a galaxy moving at the same speed as those closest to the center.) What am I not understanding?

James Meece 9 aylar önce

What if we did a similar experiment. Only this time, we put a person who is about to die inside, and see if there are any changes? The idea being to look for a soul. I know is far fetched, and you would have to find someone willing, but "maybe"?

Peter Telenko 9 aylar önce

Can you please explain why in the case of the colliding clusters we should expect that most of interacting gas would remain in between the clusters? I would expect very few of the atoms of gas to interact at all or be slowed down because they are so small and so far apart that the gas is nearly a perfect vacuum. Also gas clouds are tend to exist in clumps which means clumps are more likely to completely miss the other clumps entirely because there would be more gaps between the gas clouds.

glasco61 10 aylar önce

I find myself completely agnostic regarding the outcome of the experiment. I find the joy in the doing of the science. So many disciplines involved & so many facets of the problem that need to be addressed. In some way it feels like a social experiment, where we, humanity, learn a little humility as we learn there are still things we don't know yet

WloCkuz Yıl önce

I don't think it gets said enough, whoever does your animations is simply amazing, They can convey even the most complex of ideas with simplicity and ease that even someone with no background in that relevant field can understand them.

🌟 Wander the Nomad Yıl önce

Looking at the description, it looks like some of them were done by different groups

eyesabeast Aylar önce

So my thought is dark matter is kind of what keeps all molecules from just bonding and reacting and such. It's like the barrier between but also an always present, "entity" if you will, that allows molecules to have a force as to basically have something to move around because if there was nothing there everything would just blend. I also think that dark matter does not move and is always present. It is "darkness" dark is always there the light just fills it ..the dark matter gives light and other molecules and matter in that though something to "cling" to maybe?

David Spector 26 gün önce

Your thought probably results from a poor education in science. Dark matter has nothing to do with chemical bonding.

FreeHomeBrew 9 aylar önce

What of the particles emerging from the vacuum? Could they count towards some of the measurements?

MrMrMrMrMrT 2 aylar önce

Or...There is a force that works like antigravity. Would also explain the physics without involving dark matter and dark energy. So this may be the reason we couldn't find anything

tcunero 10 aylar önce

A question I have always had about this galaxy spinning faster then it should is how much does relativity play into the observed movement. The most gravitational pull would be at the center of the galaxy. As a black hole slows time as you approach it, would not the same effect happen on a galactic scale? If this were the case we would expect stars at the edge of the galaxy to move faster because they are actually traveling through time faster.

R. Crosby Lyles 10 aylar önce

That's what I was thinking. Going to have to whip out some math and see what the possibilities are.

Matt D 10 aylar önce

Pretty sure the qualified astrophysicists thought to factor in relativity

tcunero 10 aylar önce

@Matt D I never said they didn't.

David Spector 26 gün önce

The motions of stars in a galaxy are tiny compared with the speed of light in a vacuum, so I would not expect any special relativity effects.

tcunero 26 gün önce

@David Spector The motions of satellites in orbit is tiny compared to the speed of light, yet we still have to account for relativity over this comparatively infentencimal distance to keep our gps clocks working.